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Health Sciences Common Special Lecture IV, VIII

[http://minato.sip21c.org/ebhc/index-e.html] Latest update: 7 July 2021 (Wed)

Archives: 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012

1. Aims of the lecture

For properly conducting health related research, basic knowledge of research design and statistics will be given.

In the year 2021, due to COVID-19, the class is given online (Zoom). Please refer BEEF system in detail.

In principle, the lecture is done in Japanese. Foreign students may ask the lecturer individually if necessary.

The text written in Japaneses [pdf format], latest version is on 8th January 2021 is freely available (Comments are welcome).

Caution! There is no lecture on June 9 and July 14. Lecture for experimental data anaylsis is given, but the date is not fixed yet.

At first, I forget that May 6th is National holiday. I apologize all schedule after the 4th class "Research design" has been postponed by 1 week. Due to this chagnge, last mini test became impossible. Thus, I will evaluate the score of this class by report.

2. Program

1. The very basics of health research (Apr 7, handout)
2. Basic terms in health/epidemiologic research (Apr 14, presentation, Practice)
3. Sample size issues (Apr 21, handout in English) (cf. E-learning course on ICRweb is useful.)
4. Research design (mostly experimental study design) (April 28, handout) [A review paper pdf for crossover design]
5. Data entry, missing data, graphical check, hypothesis testing, SD and SE (May 12, Excel format sample data)
6. Test of the location difference, test of proportion difference (May 19, handout in English)
7. Cross tabulation and its analysis, Kappa statistics, McNemar's test (May 26, handout, Bhapkar's test code)
8. ANOVA and Multiple comparison (June 2, handout)
9. Correlation, Regression and its application: Analysis of Covariance and Logistic Regression (June 16, handout)
10. Geographic information data analysis and spatial epidemiology (June 23, Special Lecture given by Dr. Susumu Tanimura)
11. Repeated measurement: Comparison of location parameters among 3 or more groups with corresponding data (June 30, handout)
12. Evaluation of performances of diagnostic testing: ROC and Bland-Altman plot and the method to summarize systematic review: meta-analysis (July 7, handout for ROC and Bland-Altman plot, handout for meta-analysis)
    Example of meta-analysis: Is sperm concentration decreasing over the world?
    • The first paper written by Carlsen et al. (1992) in BMJ, which includes the data as table. According to the name of the research leader, so-called "Skakkebaek paper".
    • Reanalysis of the data in "Skakkebaek paper" by Swan et al. (1997)
    • Re-reanalysis of the data in "Skakkebaek papar" with newly added data by Swan et al. (2000)
    • New paper criticizing the "Skakkebaek paper" and followers about sampling bias written by Deonandan and Jaleel (2012)
    • New review paper (2016)�CNew cross-sectional study in Denmark (2018) by Prof. Skakkebaek's group.
    • New meta-regression paper by Dr. Swan's group (2017) (In addition, the supplementary material explaining the actual process of data collection and analysis is also available. However, downloading the data requires the password, available from the corresponding author.) (Interview to the first author is available) (Comments from professionals)
    • My web-log critics on "Skakkebaek paper" in 1998 (in Japanese), which has been later published in "Kagaku" journal by Iwanami-Shoten
    • Tab-delimited text file of the data in "Skakkebaek paper"
    • The R code to plot the data above as same graph as "Skakkebaek paper"
13. Survival analysis (handout in English�Cref. in Japanese) (July 21)
14. Experimental data analysis (Date is not fixed yet)

3. Evaluation

Based on the end-of-term report.

References

• Machin D, Campbell MJ, Walters SJ (2007) Medical Statistics, 4th ed., Wiley
• Lang TA, Secic M (2006) How to report statistics in medicine: Annotated guidelines for authors, editors, and reviewers. 2nd ed., American College of Physicians.
• Peacock JL, Peacock PJ (2011) Oxford handbook of medical statistics. Oxford Univ. Press
• Power and Sample Size (Vanderbilt University)
• EZR (Jichi Medical School)
• The lecture note for medical statistics at Gunma University written by Minato Nakazawa
• dfamefs.R: R code to calculate d-family effect size
• pooledr.R: R code to calculate pooled correlation coefficient using Fisher's Z transformation and weighed average

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